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The optimal shape is found for structures that can be§characterised by an order of hierarchy or§branching (examples of such structures include tower§cranes and the Eiffel tower). The objective is to§determine the circumstances in which higher order§structures become optimal. It is of specific interest§whether these solutions change when imperfections are§included. §§For hierarchical structures, imperfections can exist§at the local and global scales, and this interaction§of imperfections across different orders§of magnitude causes a strength reduction that is§greatest at the optimal shape found by§analysing a perfect structure. It is therefore§essential to include the imperfections within the§optimisation algorithm, because they change the§optimal shape. Branched structures are§more resilient to imperfections at the global scale,§so the interaction of imperfections is not§as severe.